Fluorine (Fluoride)
Year of discovery: 1886 | Henri Moissan
Fluoride is found in soil, water, plants and animals. Fluoride is crucial for healthy teeth and bones. There is only a trace amount of fluoride in the body, but even with such a small amount, crystalline fluoride deposits in the body stimulate more growth and strengthen bones and make teeth more resistant to decay.
Main sources of fluoride
Drinking water (if it contains fluoride or is fluoridated), tea, seafood (especially if eaten with the bones).
Bioavailability of fluoride
The bioavailability of fluoride from water and dental products is close to 100%. Calcium can reduce fluoride absorption by 10-25%.
Risks associated with insufficient or excessive fluoride intake
In humans, the only clear effect of insufficient fluoride intake is an increased risk of tooth decay in people of all ages. Too much fluoride can damage teeth, causing fluorosis. Small white spots then appear on the teeth, and in severe cases the enamel will be cracked and permanently discolored. Fluorosis occurs only during tooth growth and cannot be reversed, so it should be prevented.